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==Events== * 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title ''princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth). * 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia. * 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a statute, a document with the first known written mention of the Croats name in Croatian sources. * 932 – Translation of the relics of martyr Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia, Prince of the Czechs. *1152 – Frederick I Barbarossa is elected King of Germany. *1238 – The Battle of the Sit River is fought in the northern part of the present-day Yaroslavl Oblast of Russia between the Mongol hordes of Batu Khan and the Russians under Yuri II of Vladimir-Suzdal during the Mongol invasion of Rus'. *1351 – Ramathibodi becomes King of Siam. *1386 – Władysław II Jagiełło (Jogaila) is crowned King of Poland. *1461 – Wars of the Roses in England: Lancastrian King Henry VI is deposed by his House of York cousin, who then becomes King Edward IV. *1493 – Explorer Christopher Columbus arrives back in Lisbon, Portugal, aboard his ship ''Niña'' from his voyage to what is now The Bahamas and other islands in the Caribbean. *1519 – Hernán Cortés arrives in Mexico in search of the Aztec civilization and its wealth. *1628 – The Massachusetts Bay Colony is granted a Royal charter. *1665 – English King Charles II declares war on the Netherlands marking the start of the Second Anglo-Dutch War. *1675 – John Flamsteed is appointed the first Astronomer Royal of England. *1681 – Charles II grants a land charter to William Penn for the area that will later become Pennsylvania. *1776 – American Revolutionary War: The Continental Army fortifies Dorchester Heights with cannon, leading the British troops to abandon the Siege of Boston. *1789 – In New York City, the first Congress of the United States meets, putting the United States Constitution into effect. The United States Bill of Rights is written and proposed to Congress. *1790 – France is divided into 83 ''départements'', cutting across the former provinces in an attempt to dislodge regional loyalties based on ownership of land by the nobility. *1791 – The Constitutional Act of 1791 is introduced by the British House of Commons in London which envisages the separation of Canada into Lower Canada (Quebec) and Upper Canada (Ontario). * 1791 – Vermont is admitted to the United States as the fourteenth state. *1794 – The 11th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is passed by the U.S. Congress. *1804 – Castle Hill Rebellion: Irish convicts rebel against British colonial authority in the Colony of New South Wales. *1814 – Americans defeat British forces at the Battle of Longwoods between London, Ontario and Thamesville, near present-day Wardsville, Ontario. *1837 – The city of Chicago is incorporated. *1848 – Carlo Alberto di Savoia signs the ''Statuto Albertino'' that will later represent the first constitution of the ''Regno d'Italia''. *1861 – The first national flag of the Confederate States of America (the "Stars and Bars") is adopted. *1865 – The third and final national flag of the Confederate States of America is adopted by the Confederate Congress. *1882 – Britain's first electric trams run in east London. *1890 – The longest bridge in Great Britain, the Forth Bridge in Scotland, measuring long, is opened by the Prince of Wales, later King Edward VII. *1899 – Cyclone Mahina sweeps in north of Cooktown, Queensland, with a wave that reaches up to inland, killing over 300. *1908 – The Collinwood school fire, Collinwood near Cleveland, Ohio, kills 174 people. *1909 – U.S. President William Taft used what became known as a Saxbe fix, a mechanism to avoid the restriction of the U.S. Constitution's Ineligibility Clause, to appoint Philander C. Knox as U.S. Secretary of State *1913 – First Balkan War: The Greek army engages the Turks at Bizani, resulting in victory two days later. * 1913 – The United States Department of Labor is formed. *1917 – Jeannette Rankin of Montana becomes the first female member of the United States House of Representatives. * 1918 – The departs from Barbados and is never seen again, presumably lost with all hands in the Bermuda Triangle. *1933 – Frances Perkins becomes United States Secretary of Labor, the first female member of the United States Cabinet. * 1933 – The Parliament of Austria is suspended because of a quibble over procedure – Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss initiates an authoritarian rule by decree. *1941 – World War II: The United Kingdom launches Operation Claymore on the Lofoten Islands; the first large scale British Commando raid. *1943 – World War II: The Battle of the Bismarck Sea in the south-west Pacific comes to an end. *1944 – World War II: After the success of Big Week, the USAAF begins a daylight bombing campaign of Berlin. *1945 – Lapland War: Finland declares war on Nazi Germany. *1957 – The S&P 500 stock market index is introduced, replacing the S&P 90. *1960 – The French freighter ''La Coubre'' explodes in Havana, Cuba killing 100. *1962 – A Caledonian Airways Douglas DC-7 crashes shortly after takeoff from Cameroon, killing 111 – the worst crash of a DC-7. *1966 – A Canadian Pacific Air Lines DC-8-43 explodes on landing at Tokyo International Airport, killing 64 people. *1970 – French submarine ''Eurydice'' explodes underwater, resulting in the loss of the entire 57-man crew. *1974 – ''People'' magazine is published for the first time in the United States as ''People Weekly''. *1976 – The Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention is formally dissolved in Northern Ireland resulting in direct rule of Northern Ireland from London by the British parliament. *1977 – The 1977 Vrancea earthquake in eastern and southern Europe kills more than 1,500, mostly in the seriously damaged city of Bucharest, Romania. *1980 – Nationalist leader Robert Mugabe wins a sweeping election victory to become Zimbabwe's first black prime minister. *1983 – Bertha Wilson is appointed the first woman to sit on the Supreme Court of Canada. *1985 – The Food and Drug Administration approves a blood test for AIDS infection, used since then for screening all blood donations in the United States. *1986 – The Soviet Vega 1 begins returning images of Halley's Comet and the first images of its nucleus. *1991 – Sheikh Saad Al-Salim Al-Sabah, the Prime Minister of Kuwait, returns to his country for the first time since Iraq's invasion. *1996 – A derailed train in Weyauwega, Wisconsin, US, causes the emergency evacuation of 2,300 people for 16 days. *1998 – Gay rights: ''Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services, Inc.'': The Supreme Court of the United States rules that federal laws banning on-the-job sexual harassment also apply when both parties are the same sex. *2001 – BBC bombing: A massive car bomb explodes in front of the BBC Television Centre in London, seriously injuring one person. The attack was attributed to the Real IRA. * 2001 – Hintze Ribeiro disaster: A bridge collapses in northern Portugal, killing up to 70 people. *2002 – Afghanistan: Seven American Special Operations Forces soldiers and 200 Al-Qaeda Fighters are killed as American forces attempt to infiltrate the Shah-i-Kot Valley on a low-flying helicopter reconnaissance mission. *2009 – The International Criminal Court (ICC) issues an arrest warrant for Sudanese President Omar Hassan al-Bashir for war crimes and crimes against humanity in Darfur. Al-Bashir is the first sitting head of state to be indicted by the ICC since its establishment in 2002. *2013 – A plane crash in Democratic Republic of the Congo kills 6 people. *2015 – At least 34 miners die in a suspected gas explosion at the Zasyadko coal mine in rebel-held Donetsk region of Ukraine. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「March 4」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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